CONSTITUTION OF 1866
CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED PRINCIPLES OF ROMANIA of 30 June 1866
ISSUER
KING CAROL
Published in the OFFICIAL MONITOR No. 142 of 13 July 1866
CAROL I
By the grace of God and by the notional will of the Lord of the Romanians;
To all of the forefathers and future generations:
The General Assembly of Romanians has unanimously adopted and We sanction the following:
Title I
Article 1
The United Romanian Principalities constitute a single indivisible State, under the name of Romania.
Article 2
The territory of Romania is inalienable. The boundaries of the State may not be changed or rectified by virtue of a law.
Article 3
The territory of Romania may not be colonised by populations of the narrow ethnic group.
Article 4
The territory is divided into counties, counties into plains, plains into communes. These divisions and sub-divisions may not be changed or rectified by law.
Title II
Article 5
Romanians shall enjoy freedom of conscience, freedom of education, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly.
Article 6
The Constitution and the other laws relating to political rights shall determine the conditions necessary for the exercise of these rights, which are, of course, the conditions necessary for being a Roman.
Article 7
Roman citizenship shall be acquired, preserved and lost according to the rules established by civil laws. Only the followers of Christian rites may acquire the Roman character.
Article 8
The impament is given by the legislative power. Only the impamentenamento is similar to the Roman for the exercise of political rights.
Article 9
The Romany of any State, regardless of his place of birth, proving his freedom from the protection of the State, may immediately acquire the exercise of political rights by a vote of the Legislature.
Article 10
There shall be no class distinction in the State. All Romanians are equal before the law and are obliged to contribute to public duties and tasks without any obligation. They alone are eligible for public office, civil and military. Special laws shall determine the conditions of eligibility and admission to State offices. The foreigners may not be admitted to public office except in exceptional cases, which are established by law.
Article 11
All foreigners in Romania enjoy the protection given by the laws to persons and property in general.
Article 12
All privileges, exemptions and monopolies of class, are stopped for ever, in the Roman State. Titles of noble status, such as princes, barons, and the like, as contrary to the ancient assent of the throne, are and remain inadmissible in the Roman State. The decorations of the Strian, shall be worn by the Romans only with God's authorization.
Article 13
Individual liberty is guaranteed. No one may be prosecuted by the cat in the cases provided for by the law and according to the forms provided for by it. No one may be stopped or arrested except in cases of proven guilt, by virtue of a reasoned court warrant which must be communicated to him at the time of arrest or within 24 hours of arrest at the latest.
Article 14
No one shall be deprived of his liberty against his will by the law.
Article 15
Domicile is inviolable. No visit to the home may be made by a person other than in the cases specifically provided for by law and according to the forms prescribed therein.
Article 16
No punishment may be established or enforced by a cat under the authority of a law.
Article 17
No law may establish the penalty of confiscation of property.
Article 18
The punishment of death may not be reintroduced, except in the cases provided for in the Military Penal Code in time of rebellion.
Article 19
Property of any kind, as well as all claims against the State, are sacred and inviolable. No one may be dispossessed of his property for a legally established cause of public utility and after a just and prior compensation. By cause of public utility is meant only communication and public sanitation, as well as land reclamation works. The existing laws concerning the alignment and widening of the streets in the municipalities, as well as the banks of the waters flowing through or along them, remain in force. Special laws will regulate the procedure and manner of expropriation. The free and unimpeded use of navigable and navigable rivers, roads and other communication routes shall be in the public domain.
Article 20
The property given to the landowners by the rural law and the compensation guaranteed to the landowners by that law shall never be attainable.
Article 21
Freedom of conscience is absolute. The freedom of all religions is guaranteed, provided that their celebration does not prejudice public order or morality. The Orthodox religion of the Republic is the dominant religion of the Romanian State. The Romanian Orthodox Church is and remains unattached to any religious hierarchy, while preserving its unity with the ecumenical church of the Republic in terms of dogmas. The spiritual, canonical and disciplinary affairs of the Romanian Orthodox Church shall be regulated by a single central synodal authority, according to a special law. The metropolitans and eparchial bishops of the Romanian Orthodox Church shall be elected in a manner to be determined by a special law.
Article 22
The acts of the Civil Status are the responsibility of the civil authority. The drawing up of these acts shall proceed in all cases of religious benediction which for marriages shall be obligatory, except in cases which shall be provided for by a specific law.
Article 23
Inventions are free. The freedom of learning is guaranteed in so far as its exercise would not affect public morals or public order. The punishment of offences shall be regulated only by law. Elementary schools shall gradually be established in all the communes of Romania. Education in State schools is given without payment. Primary education shall be compulsory for Romanian children everywhere primary schools are established. A special law will regulate everything concerning public education.
Article 24
The Constitution guarantees to all the freedom to communicate and publish their ideas and opinions by speech, in writing and in the press, everyone being responsible for the abuse of these freedoms in the cases determined by the Penal Code, which in this respect shall be revised and supplemented, without, however, being able to restrict the right of self, or to establish an exceptional law. Press offences are tried by jury. Neither censorship nor any other preventive measure for the publication, sale or distribution of any publication may be reinstated. For newspaper publications no prior authorization of the authority is required.
No bail will be required from diarists, writers, publishers, printers and lithographers. The press will not be subject to the warning regime. No newspaper or publication shall be suspended or suppressed. The author shall be responsible for his writings, and in the absence of the author, the publisher or editor shall be responsible. Verify that the journal must have a responsible guarantor who enjoys civil and political rights.
Article 25
The secrecy of letters and telegraphic correspondence is inviolable. A law shall determine the liability of government agents for violating the secrecy of letters and dispatches entrusted to the post and telegraph.
Article 26
Romanians have the right to assemble peacefully and unarmed, in accordance with the laws regulating the exercise of this right, and no prior authorization is required for the processing of all kinds of assignments. This provision shall not apply to open meetings, which are subject to the laws of the state.
Article 27
Romanians shall have the right to form associations in accordance with the laws governing the exercise of this right.
Article 28
Everyone shall have the right to petition the public authorities by petitions signed by one or more persons, but he may not petition in the name of the subscribers. Only constituted authorities shall have the right to petition on behalf of a body.
Article 29
No prior authorisation shall be required for proceedings to be brought against public officials for acts of administration by the parties concerned, the special rules laid down in respect of ministers remaining unaffected. The cases and the manner of prosecution shall be regulated by a specific law. Special provisions in the penal code will determine the penalties of the offenders.
Article 30
No Roman without the authorization of the Government may enter the service of a State without losing his nationality. The extradition of political refugees is stopped.
Title III
Article 31
All the powers of the State emanate from the Nation, which can exercise them only by delegation and according to the principles and rules laid down in the Constitution.
Article 32
Legislative power shall be exercised collectively by the Lord and the national representation. National representation shall be divided into two Assemblies: the Senate and the Assembly of Deputies. Any law requires the approval of all three branches of the legislature. No law can be subject to the sanction of the Lord until it has been freely discussed and voted on by a majority of both Assemblies.
Article 33
The initiative of laws is given to either of the three branches of the legislative power. However, any law relating to the revenues and expenditures of the State or to the army quota must be voted on beforehand by the Assembly of Deputies.
Article 34
The interpretation of laws with the right of authority shall be made only by the legislature.
Article 35
Executive power is entrusted to the Lord, who exercises it in a regular manner by the Constitution.
Article 36
Judicial power shall be exercised by the Courts and Tribunals. Their decisions and judgments shall be pronounced by virtue of the law and executed in the name of the Lord.
Article 37
Exclusive county or municipal interests shall be regulated by county or municipal councils according to the principles laid down by the Constitution and by special laws.
Chapter 1 On national representation
Article 38
The members of both Assemblies represent the nation, and not only the county or municipality that appointed them.
Article 39
Meetings of the Assemblies shall be public. However, each Assembly shall be formed in secret committee, at the request of the President or of one or more members. It shall then decide by an absolute majority whether the meeting shall be reopened in public on the same subject.
Article 40
Each of the Assemblies shall verify the titles of the members and shall judge the objections raised in this respect.
Article 41
No one may be a member of both Assemblies at the same time.
Article 42
Members of one or other Assembly appointed by the Government to a salaried post which they receive shall cease to be Members and shall not resume their term of office by virtue of a new election. These provisions do not apply to ministers. The electoral law determines incompatibilities.
Article 43
At each session, the Assembly of Deputies shall appoint its President, Vice-Presidents and compose its Bureau.
Article 44
The Senate shall elect from among its own members the President and the two Vice-Presidents of the Senate and the other members of its Bureau.
Article 45
Any resolution shall be adopted by an absolute majority of the votes cast, except as may be provided by the regulations of the Assembly concerning elections and presentations. In the event of a tie vote, the proposal under discussion shall be rejected. Neither Assembly may pass a resolution unless the majority of the Members are present.
Article 46
Votes shall be cast by roll-call, by viva voce or by secret ballot. A bill cannot be adopted until it has been voted on article by article.
Article 47
Which of the Assemblies has the right of inquiry.
Article 48
The Assemblies shall have the right to amend and divide into several parts the proposed articles and amendments.
Article 49
Which member of the Assemblies shall have the right to address questions to Ministers.
Article 50
Any person has the right to address petitions to the Assemblies through the intermediary of the President or one of the members of the Assembly. Any member of the Assembly shall have the right to submit petitions to the Ministers. The Ministers are obliged to give explanations of their understanding whenever the Assemblies so request.
Article 51
No member of either Assembly may be prosecuted or imprisoned for opinions expressed or votes cast by him during the execution of his mandate.
Article 52
No member of either Assembly may, during the session, be prosecuted or arrested in any matter of repression except with the authority of the Assembly of which he is a member, except in cases of proven guilt. The detention or pursuit of a member of either Assembly shall be suspended during the session if the Assembly so requests.
Rule 53
Each Assembly shall determine by its own rules of procedure the manner in which it shall exercise its functions.
Rule 54
Each of the Assemblies shall deliberate and pass their resolutions separately, except in the cases specified in the Constitution.
Article 55
Each of the two Assemblies shall have the exclusive right to exercise its own police force through its President, who alone, with the consent of the Assembly, may issue orders to the guard on duty.
Article 56
No armed power may be placed at the doors of or around either of the Assemblies without its permission.
SECTION I: On the Assembly of Deputies
Article 57
The Assembly of Deputies shall consist of Deputies elected in the manner indicated below:
Article 58
The electoral body shall be divided into four colleges in each county.
Article 59
Those who have a land income of 300 galbeni or more belong to the first college.
Article 60
Those who have a land income of 300 galbeni or more, up to and including 100 galbeni, belong to the second electoral college.
Article 61
Merchants and industrialists who pay to the State a donation of 80 lei belong to the third college of towns. All liberal professions, retired officers, teachers and State pensioners are exempt from census in this college.
Article 62
These three colleges elect directly: the two former ones each one deputy, the third one as follows: Bucuresci six; Iași four; Craiova, Galați, Ploesci, Focsani, Barlad, Botosani three; Pitesci, Bacau, Brăila, Roman, Turnu-Severin two; the others one; everywhere five-tenths and eight.
All the towns of a district form a single college with the town of residence.
Article 63
All those who pay a donation to the State, however small, and who do not fall into any of the above categories, belong to the fourth college. This college elects a district deputy in the second grade.
Article 64
The census may not be proved by cat by the role of contribution, receipts or warnings from the payers of dues for the past and current year.
Article 65
The electoral law determines all other conditions required from voters as well as the conduct of electoral operations.
Article 66
In order to be eligible, one must:
a) Be Roman by birth, or have been granted the great impediment.
b) Enjoy civil and political rights.
c) Be at least two and a half years of age.
d) Be domiciled in Romania. The electoral law will determine disqualifications.
Article 67
Members of the Assembly of Deputies are elected for four years.
SECTION II: About the Senate
Article 68
Two members of the Senate shall be elected from each county: one from the first college composed of the owners of rural land in the county who have a land income of three hundred galbeni and below; the other from the second college of the resident towns composed of the owners of rural land with a land income of three hundred galbeni and below, according to Article 70. The income is proved by the contribution rolls.
Article 69
These two colleges vote separately and elect one representative each to the Senate.
Article 70
In towns where 100 electors are not found to form the second college, this number shall be filled by the owners of the county, having a land income between 300 and 100 galbeni, the heaviest taxed and the townspeople being preferred to the owners of estates.
Article 71
If among the most heavily taxed there are several with the same income, and if by their number they exceed the number required to complete the college, the surplus shall be eliminated by drawing lots.
Article 72
The electoral law determines the other conditions required of voters and the conduct of electoral operations.
Article 73
The Universities of Iasi and Bucharest shall each have one member in the Senate, elected by the professors of the respective university.
Article 74
In order to be elected to the Senate it is necessary:
1) To be Roman by birth or naturalized.
2) To enjoy civil and political rights.
3) To be domiciled in Romania.
4) Be 40 years old.
5) To have an income of any kind of 800 galbeni, proved in the manner provided for in Art. 64.
Article 75
The following are exempt from this census:
a) Presidents or Vice-Presidents of a Legislative Assembly.
b) Deputies who have served in three sessions.
c) Generals.
d) Colonels who have served for three years.
e) Those who have been Ministers or diplomatic agents of the Treasury.
f) Those who have held the offices of President of the Court, Attorney General or Counsellor of the Court of Cassation for one year.
g) Those with a doctorate or bachelor's degree in any speciality who have been practising their profession for six years.
Article 76
They shall be ex officio members of the Senate:
1) The Heir to the Throne at the age of 18 years, but he shall not have a deliberative vote until the age of 25 years.
2) The metropolitans and eparchial bishops.
Article 77
Members of the Senate shall not receive any donation or indemnity.
Article 78
The members of the Senate shall be elected for 8 years and shall be re-elected every four years by drawing lots for one member from each county.
Article 79
Elected members are eligible for re-election.
Article 80
In case of dissolution the Senate shall be re-elected in its entirety.
Article 81
Any meeting of the Senate outside the session of the Assembly of Deputies shall be null and void.
Chapter 2 On the Lord and Ministers
SECTION I: About the Lord
Article 82
The constitutional powers of the Lord are hereditary, in the direct and legitimate line of descent of Maria Sele Prince Charles I. of Hohenzollern Sigmaringen, from man to man by order of primogeniture and with perpetual exclusion of the women and their descendants. Maria Sele's descendants will be raised in the orthodox religion of the resarit.
Article 83
In the absence of descendants in the male line of Maria Sele Carol I of Hohenzollern Sigmaringen, the succession to the throne shall be due to the eldest of the six brothers or their descendants, according to the rules established in the preceding article. If none of the brothers or their descendants should be alive, or should declare beforehand that they do not receive the Throne, then the Ruler may appoint his successor from a sovereign dynasty of Europe with the receipt of national representation, given in the form prescribed by Article 84.
If neither one nor the other takes place, the Throne is vacant.
Article 84
In case of vacancy of the Throne both Assemblies shall immediately meet in one Assembly, even without convocation, and at the latest within eight days of their meeting, shall elect a Lord from a sovereign dynasty of Western Europe. The presence of three-fourths of the members composing each of the two Assemblies, and a two-thirds majority of the members present, are necessary to proceed to this election. If the Assembly has not been held within the time limit prescribed above, then on the ninth day after the meeting, the Assemblies assembled shall proceed to the election, whatever the number of members present and by an absolute majority of the votes. Should the Assemblies be dissolved at the time of the vacancy of the Throne, the procedure prescribed in the following article shall be followed. During the vacancy of the Throne, the assembled Assemblies shall appoint a Lieutenant of the Lordship composed of three persons who shall exercise the Lordship's powers until the Lord's accession to the Throne. In all the above cases the vote shall be secret.
Article 85
On the death of the Lord, the Assemblies shall meet even without convocation, at the latest 10 days after the declaration of death. If by chance they have been dissolved beforehand, and their convocation has been omitted in the act of dissolution for an epoch after 10 days, then the old Assemblies shall be assembled only at the meeting of those who are to replace them.
Article 86
From the date of the Lord's death until the swearing in of his successor to the Throne, the constitutional powers of the Lord shall be exercised in the name of the Roman people by ministers assembled in council and under their responsibility.
Article 87
The Lord is of full age at the age of 18. Upon his accession to the Throne, he shall swear the following oath in the presence of the assembled assemblies: "I swear to uphold the Constitution and the laws of the Roman people, to maintain their national rights and the integrity of their territory."
Article 88
The Lord in his lifetime may appoint a Regency composed of three persons, who after the Lord's death shall exercise the powers of the Lordship during the minority of the successor to the Throne. This appointment shall be made with the receipt of national representation, given in the form prescribed in Article 84 of the former Constitution. The Regency will also execute the guardianship of the successor of the Throne, during the minority of the latter. If, on the death of the Lord, the Regent is not appointed and the successor to the Throne is a minor, both Assemblies assembled shall appoint a Regent, proceeding in the manner prescribed in Article 48 of the Constitution. The members of the Regency shall not take office until they have solemnly sworn before both Assemblies the oath prescribed by Article 87 of the Constitution.
Article 89
If the Lord is unable to reign, the Ministers, after having legally ascertained this impossibility, shall immediately convene the Assemblies. They shall elect the Regent who shall form and tutelage.
Article 90
No amendment may be made to the Constitution during the Regency.
Article 91
The Lord may not be the Head of another State without the consent of the Assemblies. None of the Assemblies may deliberate on this subject unless at least two-thirds of the Members composing them are present, and the decision may be taken only by two-thirds of the votes of the Members present.
Article 92
The person of the Lord is inviolable. His ministers are his representatives. No act of the Lord can have force unless it is countersigned by a Minister who thereby becomes the person responsible for it.
Article 93
The Lord appoints and revokes his Ministers. He sanctions and promulgates laws. He may refuse his sanction. He has the right of amnesty in political matters. He has the right to reduce or reduce penalties in criminal matters; except for that which is established with regard to Ministers. He may not suspend the course of prosecution or trial, nor interfere in any way in the administration of justice. He appoints or confirms in all public offices. He cannot create a new office without a special law. He makes regulations necessary for the execution of the laws without ever being able to modify or suspend the laws and cannot exempt anyone from their execution. He is the head of the armed power. He confers military ranks according to law. He confers the Romanian decoration according to a certain law. He has the right to mint coin according to a special law. He concludes with the foreign States the necessary Conventions for commerce, navigation and the like; but for these acts to have binding authority, they must first be submitted to and approved by the legislature.
Article 94
The law fixes the civil list for the duration of the Lordship.
Article 95
On 15 November of any year, the Assembly of Deputies and the Senate shall meet without convocation, if the Lord has not convened them beforehand. The duration of each session shall be three months. At the opening of the session, the Lord shall send a Message to the Assembly, to which it shall reply. The Lord pronounces the closing of the session. He has the right to convene the Assemblies in special session. He has the right to dissolve both Assemblies at once or only one of them. The act of dissolution must contain the convocation of the electors within two months and of the Assemblies within three months. The Lord may postpone the Assemblies; however, the postponement may not exceed one month, nor be renewed in the same session without the consent of the Assemblies.
Article 96
The Lord has no powers other than those given to him by the Constitution.
Chapter 2 On Ministers
Article 97
A person who is Roman by birth, or who has acquired the birthright, cannot be a Minister.
Article 98
No member of the Ruling Family may be a Minister.
Article 99
Ministers who are not members of the Assemblies may take part in the discussion of laws, but without the right to vote. At least one Minister is required to attend Assembly debates. The Assemblies may require Ministers to attend their deliberations.
Article 100
In no case may a verbal or written order of the Lord protect a Minister from liability.
Article 101
Each of the two Assemblies as well as the Lord shall have the right to arraign the Ministers and their representatives before the High Court of Cassation and Justice, which alone in united sections shall be entitled to try them, except as may be provided by law in regard to the exercise of civil action and offences committed by the Ministers, except in the exercise of their office. The indictment of Ministers shall not be pronounced unless by a two-thirds majority of the members of the bench. A law presented at the last session shall determine the cases of responsibility, the penalties applicable to the Ministers and the mode of prosecution against them, both as regards the accusation admitted by the national representation and as regards prosecution by the injured parties.
The charge brought by the National Representation against the Ministers shall be self-supporting.
The prosecution initiated by the Gentleman shall be brought by the Public Prosecutor.
Article 102
The High Court of Cassation and Justice shall have the power to characterise the offence and determine the punishment. The punishment, however, shall not be greater than imprisonment, without prejudice to the specific cases provided for by criminal laws.
Article 103
The Lord may not alter or reduce the penalty imposed on Ministers by the High Court of Cassation and Justice except at the request of the Assembly which has indicted him.
Chapter 3 On Judicial Power
Article 104
No jurisdiction may be established by the power of a particular law. Extra-ordinary commissions and tribunals may not be created under any appointment, and under any convent. For the entire Romanian State there is only one Court of Cassation.
Article 105
Juries are established for all criminal offences and for political and press offences.
Chapter 4 On county and municipal institutions
Article 106
County and municipal institutions are regulated by laws.
Article 107
These laws shall be based on more complete decentralization of administration and communal independence.
Title V
Article 108
Anything imposed shall be assigned solely for the benefit of the State, the county or the municipality.
Article 109
No tax of the State may be established and levied except under the authority of a law.
Article 110
No charge, no county tax may be assigned except with the permission of the county council. No charge, no municipal tax may be levied without the consent of the municipal council. The taxes voted by the county and municipal councils must receive the confirmation of the legislature and the Lord's reinforcement.
Article 111
Privileges may not be established in taxing matters. No tax exemption or reduction may be established by law.
Article 112
No fund for boarding houses or gratuities to the public treasury may be granted by law.
Article 113
Every year the Assembly of Deputies closes the accounts and votes the budget. All revenues or expenditures of the State must be entered in the budget and in the accounts. The budget shall be presented, always one year before its implementation, to the Assembly of Deputies and shall not be final until after it has been voted by the Senate and sanctioned by the Lord. If the budget is not voted in due time, the executive power will determine the public services after the previous year's budget, without being able to go with that budget more than one year beyond the year for which it was voted.
Article 114
The final settlement of accounts must be submitted to the Assembly at the latest two years after the end of each financial year.
Article 115
Finance laws shall be published in the Official Gazette like other laws and regulations of public administration.
Article 116
There shall be one Court of Audit for the whole of Romania.
Article 117
The various funds now coming from special houses and which the Government has at its disposal under various titles must be included in the general budget of the State revenues.
Title V
Article 118
All Romans shall belong either to the regular army, or to the militia, or to the citizen guard, according to special laws.
Article 119
Military personnel may not be stripped of their ranks, honours and pensions, except by virtue of a court sentence and in cases determined by law.
Article 120
The army quota shall be voted on each year. The law fixing this quota may not be valid for more than one year.
Article 121
The citizen guard is maintained in the State of Romania. Its organization is regulated by a special law.
Article 122
Only by virtue of a law may the Citizens' Guard be mobilized.
Article 123
No foreign troop may be admitted to the service of the State, nor occupy the territory of Romania, nor pass through it by virtue of a particular law.
Title VI
Article 124
The colours of the United Principalities shall be Blue, Yellow and Red.
Article 125
The city of Bucharest is the capital of the Roman State and the residence of the government.
Article 126
No oath may be imposed on any person except in the power of a law which determines and formulates it.
Article 127
Neither a law, nor a regulation of general, county or municipal administration may be enforced by the cat after it has been published in the form prescribed by law.
Article 128
The Constitution may not be suspended in whole or in part.
Title VII
Article 129
The Legislature shall have the right to declare that the provisions of the Constitution specifically provided for shall be subject to revision. After this declaration has been read three times every 15 days in a public sitting and received by both Assemblies, they shall be dissolved by right and new ones shall be convened within the period prescribed in Article 95. The new Assemblies shall proceed in agreement with the Lord to the modification of the items subject to revision. In this case, the Assemblies cannot deliberate unless at least two thirds of their members are present, nor can a change be adopted unless at least two thirds of the votes are present.
Title VIII
Article 130
From the day of the coming into force of this Constitution, all provisions of laws, decrees and regulations and other acts contrary to its provisions shall be repealed.
Article 131
The Council of State shall cease to exist as soon as a law is passed to provide for the authority called upon to replace it in its functions. The Court of Cassation will rule as in the past on conflicts of powers.
Article 132
Special laws concerning the following objects shall be made as soon as possible:
1) On administrative decentralization.
2) On the responsibility of ministers and other agents of executive power.
3) On the most undeserved measures to prevent the abuse of accumulation.
4) On the modification of the law on pensions.
5) On the conditions of eligibility and appointment to public administration functions.
6) On the development of communication routes.
7) On the exploitation of mines and forests.
8) On navigable or floatable rivers.
9) On the organization of the army, on the rights of advance and retreat and on the various positions of officers.
10) On military justice. All existing codes and laws shall be revised to bring them into harmony with the Constitution.
Article 133
The non-alienability of the salaries of former clerks during the 20 years provided for by the rural law is maintained. We promulgate this law, order it to be invested with the seal of the State and published in the Monitor. Given in Bucharest, this 30th day of June, 1866. CAROL